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protein
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Peptide
How does protein help build muscles?
Legumes and amino acids The structure of hemoglobin Protein synthesis Proteins and X-ray diffraction Macromolecules Glycine and electrometric titration Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis Protein structure
For Students
protein summary
Quizzes
3d illustration human heart. Adult Anatomy Aorta Black Blood Vessel Cardiovascular System Coronary Artery Coronary Sinus Front View Glowing Human Artery Human Heart Human Internal Organ Medical X-ray Myocardium
Medical Terms and Pioneers Quiz
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What Is the Difference Between a Peptide and a Protein?
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protein: Media

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Videos

How does protein help build muscles?
Proteins are of great importance in human muscle tissue, where the total amount of...
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Protein engineering
How protein engineering helps scientists battle diseases.
Video: AbbVie (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Why do lobsters change color when cooked?
Using chemistry to understand the colors and diseases of lobster shells.
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Why is blood red?
Are you “red-y” to find out?
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The chemistry of digestion: How food is broken down
Using chemistry to explain how humans digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Large biological molecules: Carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Overview of large biological molecules.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Why our bodies need proteins
The structure and function of amino acids.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The science behind dyeing Easter eggs
Successful Easter egg dyeing requires the interaction of calcium carbonate, protein,...
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
What really makes a nutritious and complete breakfast?
Discover what constitutes a complete breakfast.
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)

Images

Peptide
The molecular structure of a peptide (a small protein) consists of a sequence of...
© raimund14/Fotolia
Legumes and amino acids
Beans, lentils, peas, and other legumes are high in protein and contain many essential...
© Elenathewise/Fotolia
The structure of hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is a protein made up of four polypeptide chains (α1, α2,...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Protein synthesis
Ribosomes are key components of protein synthesis in cells.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Proteins and X-ray diffraction
X-ray diffraction pattern of a crystallized enzyme.
Jeff Dahl
Macromolecules
Flow birefringence depicting the orientation of elongated, rodlike macromolecules...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Glycine and electrometric titration
Electrometric titration of glycine.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
In the biological sciences, gel electrophoresis represents a separation process,...
J.E. Celis, Danish Centre for Human Genome Research
Protein structure
The α-helix in the structural arrangement of a protein.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Lysozyme and protein conformation
The simplified structure of lysozyme from hen's egg white has a single peptide chain...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Collagen
A three-dimensional model of a collagen molecule.
© ynse/Shutterstock.com
Keratin
Scanning electron micrograph showing strands of keratin in a feather, magnified 186×.
Janice Carr/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Image Number: 8673)
Collagenous fibers
Randomly oriented collagenous fibers of varying size in a thin spread of loose areolar...
Don W. Fawcett, M.D.
Muscle: actin and myosin
The structure of actin and myosin filaments.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Fibrin in blood clotting
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) trapped in a mesh of fibrin threads. Fibrin, a tough,...
BSIP/age fotostock
Antibody structure
The four-chain structure of an antibody, or immunoglobulin, molecule. The basic unit...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Blue-green algae
The Morning Glory Pool at Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming is a brilliant display...
© Yoyo_slc/Shutterstock.com
Tobacco mosaic virus
Schematic structure of the tobacco mosaic virus. The cutaway section shows the helical...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
IgG immunoglobulin
Diagram of an IgG immunoglobulin.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
B-vitamin coenzymes in metabolism
Functions of B-vitamin coenzymes in metabolism.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Enzymes and their active sites
The role of the active site in the lock-and-key fit of a substrate (the key) to an...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The actions of enzymes
Mechanisms of enzymatic action.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Diagram of enzyme action
Curves representing enzyme action.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Induced-fit theory
Various anomalous properties of enzymes are explained by the induced-fit binding...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
schematic representation of proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily
Schematic representation of some proteins of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily....
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
endoplasmic reticulum in protein biosynthesis
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a major role in the biosynthesis of proteins....
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
DNA and protein synthesis
DNA in the cell nucleus carries a genetic code, which consists of sequences of adenine...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
major histocompatibility complex
Protein images comparing the MHC I (left) and MHC II (right) molecules. The orange...
David S. Goodsell/Protein Data Bank/Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB)
protein and amino acid metabolism
General scheme of protein and amino acid metabolism.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
gene; intron and exon
Genes are made up of promoter regions and alternating regions of introns (noncoding...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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